The 2015 Paris Agreement and Russian Public Law Regulation in the Fight Against Greenhouse Gas Emissions

INTRODUCTION. The purpose of this article is to analyze international law in conjunction with the Russian regulatory framework for limiting harmful greenhouse gas emissions in order to formulate proposals for its development. This goal determines the objectives of the study, including the consideration of constitutional provisions laying the foundation for ensuring environmental well-being in Russia, the study of the Paris Agreement and other international acts with a similar subject of regulation only worldwide, the formation of individual arguments in favor of carbon law as a major legal institution aimed at limiting harmful anthropogenic impact on the atmospheric environment. The air, as well as the formulation of proposals for the modernization of international law and domestic legislation in the broadest sense of the word.

MATERIALS AND METHODS. The main research method was the analysis of regulatory legal regulation. In addition, new mandatory rules of conduct were modeled. The deductive method was used to examine international law in the field under consideration and its implementation in Russian realities, both from the point of view of legislative activity and from the perspective of law enforcement. The legal regulation of greenhouse gas emissions control is a complex structure, in connection with which the method of system analysis was also used. The comparison method was used when considering the practice of implementing international standards in the territory of individual States. In particular, the focus is on comparing developed, developing and underdeveloped countries.

RESEARCH RESULTS. Regarding the latter, the conclusion is drawn about the vulnerability of sovereignty and the prospects for the influence of the "collective West" on the rest of the world, including through the implementation of publicly significant measures aimed at limiting harmful emissions. In addition, it is proposed to stimulate the activation of absorption, thereby shifting the focus to reducing greenhouse gas emissions directly into the atmosphere. Another conclusion is the formulation of the need to legally consolidate the involvement of a wide variety of subjects in the process of limiting greenhouse gas emissions. This problem should not be relevant only for public law entities, the maximum number of legal entities should be involved in this process, which can solve not only organizational, but also educational tasks on the way to purifying atmospheric air, which is so important for everyone, without exception.

DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS. The international legal approach related to the distribution of States by level of development in the process of countering greenhouse gas emissions has not only a positive effect. This gradation makes the sovereignty of developing and poorly developed countries vulnerable, since developed countries not only provide support, but also integrate models of such public legal activities into the relevant legal order. This is another way of political influence of the "collective West" through legal instruments, including on domestic socially significant processes. In current law and practice, the exchange of carbon units is developing, which are more emissions oriented. At the same time, it seems promising to stimulate absorption with the subsequent formation of certain analogues. Thus, of course, it will not be possible to radically change the environmental situation, but it can be an additional contribution to the overall improvement of atmospheric air. A promising direction for the development of carbon law is the involvement of the maximum number of subjects in the process of countering greenhouse gas emissions. This area of activity should not be exclusive state competence. Commercial organizations, public associations, and other civil society institutions can contribute to improving the environmental situation to the best of their ability with the prospects of stimulating these activities.

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