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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mgimolaw</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Московский журнал международного права</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Moscow Journal of International Law</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0869-0049</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2619-0893</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Moscow State Institute of International Relations</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24833/0869-0049-2011-4-19-36</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mgimolaw-518</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МЕЖДУНАРОДНОЕ ГУМАНИТАРНОЕ ПРАВО</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>INTERNATIONAL HUMANITARIAN LAW</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Руководство Международного комитета Красного Креста по толкованию понятия «непосредственное участие в военных действиях»: pro et contra</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Interpretive Guidance of the International Committee of the Red Cross on the Notion of Direct Participation in Hostilities: pro et contra</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Русинова</surname><given-names>В. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rusinova</surname><given-names>V. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Русинова Вера Николаевна – к.ю.н., LL.M. (Göttingen), заведующая кафедрой международного и европейского права</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vera N. Rusinova ‒ Ph.D. in Law, LL.M. (Göttingen), Head of the Chair of International and European Law</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">VRusinova@kantiana.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Балтийский федеральный университет имени И. Канта</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Baltic Federal Immanuel Kant University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2011</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>12</month><year>2011</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>19</fpage><lpage>36</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Русинова В.Н., 2011</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2011</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Русинова В.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Rusinova V.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.mjil.ru/jour/article/view/518">https://www.mjil.ru/jour/article/view/518</self-uri><abstract><p>Среди основных достоинств Руководства автор отмечает классификацию лиц в немеждународных вооруженных конфликтах, выделение цели как определяющего признака понятия «военные действия», расширение этого понятия за счет включения в его объем противоправных нападений на гражданские цели, использование «адекватной теории причинности», отнесение к периоду «непосредственного участия» перемещения к месту совершения соответствующих деяний и возвращения обратно, а также ссылку на принцип военной необходимости как на одно из ограничений применения силы в отношении лиц, принимающих «непосредственное участие в военных действиях». Вместе с тем критически оценивается отказ составителей Руководства от применения минимальной планки к ущербу, причиняемому «военным целям», безапелляционное суждение о невозможности квалификации нападений на лиц, находящихся «во власти» стороны конфликта, в качестве «военных действий», введение требования об обязательной связи между гражданским лицом и стороной вооруженного конфликта, а также уклонение от квалификации действий по общему планированию и руководству. В целом делается вывод о том, что процесс детализации понятия «непосредственное участие в военных действиях» должен быть продолжен.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Among the main advantages of the Guidance the author distinguishes a classification of persons in non-international armed conflicts, use of the purpose as a defining feature of the notion of “hostilities”, inclusion of unlawful attacks against the civilian purposes in this notion, application of the principle of military necessity as one of the restrictions of the use of force. Several issues of the Guidance are subjected to criticism: a limited scope of application of the minimum threshold requirement to the harm, a dogmatic position on absolute impossibility of qualification of attacks on the persons under authority of a party to the conflict as “hostilities”, a requirement of existence of a link between a civilian and a party to the conflict, elusion from qualification of general planning and leadership. Finally, the author comes to the conclusion that the process of clarification of the notion “direct participation in hostilities” should be continued.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>международное гуманитарное право</kwd><kwd>непосредственное участие в военных действиях</kwd><kwd>гражданское лицо</kwd><kwd>вооруженный конфликт</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>international humanitarian law</kwd><kwd>direct participation in hostilities</kwd><kwd>civil population</kwd><kwd>warfare</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Санкт-Петербургская декларация об отмене употребления взрывчатых и зажигательных пуль. 29 ноября 1868 г. / Ведение военных действий. Сборник Гаагских конвенций и иных международных документов. 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