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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mgimolaw</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Московский журнал международного права</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Moscow Journal of International Law</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0869-0049</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2619-0893</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Moscow State Institute of International Relations</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24833/0869-0049-2019-3-81-92</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mgimolaw-321</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПРАВО МЕЖДУНАРОДНЫХ ОРГАНИЗАЦИЙ И КОНФЕРЕНЦИЙ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>LAW OF INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS AND CONFERENCES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Роль ЮНЕСКО и ВОИС в международно-правовой охране традиционных выражений культуры и традиционных знаний</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The UNESCO and WIPO’s Contribution to the Traditional Cultural Expressions and Traditional Knowledge Protection</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-7126</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Газизова</surname><given-names>А. Ш.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gazizova</surname><given-names>A. Sh.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Асия Шарифулловна Газизова, ассистент кафедры международного и европейского права, Юридический факультет</p><p>420008, Российская Федерация, г. Казань, Кремлевская ул., д. 18</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Asiia Sh. Gazizova, Assistant Lecturer at the International and European Law Department, Faculty of Law</p><p>18, ul. Kremlevskaya, Kazan, Russian Federation, 420008</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">asiia.gazizova@yahoo.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Казанский (Приволжский) федеральный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kazan Federal University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>10</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>81</fpage><lpage>92</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Газизова А.Ш., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Газизова А.Ш.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Gazizova A.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.mjil.ru/jour/article/view/321">https://www.mjil.ru/jour/article/view/321</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>ВВЕДЕНИЕ</title><p>ВВЕДЕНИЕ. Настоящая статья посвящена анализу подходов Организации Объединенных Наций по вопросам образования, науки и культуры (ЮНЕСКО) и Всемирной организации интеллектуальной собственности (ВОИС) к охране традиционных выражений культуры и традиционных знаний. Целью настоящего исследования является определение особенностей охраны этих объектов, соотношения способов их охраны в рамках ЮНЕСКО с возможностями охраны, которые закрепляются в документах, разрабатываемых Межправительственным комитетом ВОИС по интеллектуальной собственности, генетическим ресурсам, традиционным знаниям и фольклору.</p></sec><sec><title>МАТЕРИАЛЫ И МЕТОДЫ</title><p>МАТЕРИАЛЫ И МЕТОДЫ. Материалами для исследования служат конвенции и акты «мягкого права», разработанные и принятые под эгидой ЮНЕСКО и ВОИС. Основными методами, использованными при проведении исследования, являются конкретно-исторический, сравнительно-правовой, а также системный метод.</p></sec><sec><title>РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</title><p>РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ. В статье рассматривается хронологическая последовательность включения вопроса охраны традиционных выражений культуры и традиционных знаний в повестку дня на международных конференциях. В настоящей работе во внимание принимаются как самостоятельные инициативы ЮНЕСКО и ВОИС, так и их совместные проекты. Значительное внимание уделяется анализу программы «Провозглашение шедевров устного и нематериального наследия человечества» и критериям отбора, закрепленным в ней; приводятся примеры объектов, которые были признаны шедеврами устного и нематериального наследия человечества. Подробно анализируется понятие нематериального культурного наследия, закрепленное в Конвенции об охране нематериального культурного наследия 2003 г., осуществляется его сопоставление с категориями «традиционные выражения культуры» и «традиционные знания», используемыми Межправительственным комитетом ВОИС по интеллектуальной собственности, генетическим ресурсам, традиционным знаниям и фольклору в документах, разрабатываемых специально для обеспечения их охраны.</p></sec><sec><title>ОБСУЖДЕНИЕ И ВЫВОДЫ</title><p>ОБСУЖДЕНИЕ И ВЫВОДЫ. Определение нематериального культурного наследия, выработанное ЮНЕСКО, является широким и включает в себя элементы как традиционных выражений культуры, так и традиционных знаний, если использовать терминологию ВОИС. ЮНЕСКО при разработке международных инструментов для охраны традиционных знаний и традиционных выражений культуры придерживается комплексного подхода и нацелена преимущественно на сохранение этих объектов и обеспечение их жизнеспособности в отличие от ВОИС, которая делает акцент на предотвращении и предупреждении их незаконного использования.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>INTRODUCTION</title><p>INTRODUCTION. This article is devoted to analyzing the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization and World Intellectual Property Organization’s approaches to the protection of traditional cultural expressions and traditional knowledges. The study is aimed at comparison the UNESCO and WIPO’s instruments for traditional cultural expressions and traditional knowledge protection.</p></sec><sec><title>MATERIALS AND METHODS</title><p>MATERIALS AND METHODS. Research material include Conventions and “soft-law” instruments developed and adopted under UNESCO and WIPO auspices. The main methods of research consist of comparative method, method of description and historical method.</p></sec><sec><title>RESEARCH RESULTS</title><p>RESEARCH RESULTS. The article describes chronological order of traditional cultural expressions and traditional knowledges including in the international agenda. In this research UNESCO and WIPO’s individual and collaborative efforts are taken into consideration. Great attention is paid to Proclamation of the masterpieces of the oral and intangible heritage of humanity program and its selection criteria. The article is illustrated by the examples of masterpieces of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity. The concept of intangible cultural heritage as defined in the Convention for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage is a subject of a detailed analysis. This definition is compared with the WIPO concepts of traditional cultural expressions and traditional knowledge.</p><p>DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION. The article concluded that the intangible cultural heritage definition elaborated by the UNESCO is broad enough. It includes both traditional cultural expressions and traditional knowledge elements in terms of the World Intellectual Property Organization. The author concludes that the UNESCO promotes an integrated approach to traditional cultural expressions and traditional knowledge protection and is focusing increasingly on the its conservation while the WIPO focuses on preventing its illicit use.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ЮНЕСКО</kwd><kwd>ВОИС</kwd><kwd>нематериальное культурное наследие</kwd><kwd>традиционные знания</kwd><kwd>традиционные выражения культуры</kwd><kwd>фольклор</kwd><kwd>интеллектуальная собственность</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>UNESCO</kwd><kwd>WIPO</kwd><kwd>intangible cultural heritage</kwd><kwd>traditional knowledge</kwd><kwd>traditional cultural expressions</kwd><kwd>folklore</kwd><kwd>intellectual property</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Шилова О.Е. 2014. 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DOI: 10.7256/2222-1956.2014.6.13516</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
