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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mgimolaw</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Московский журнал международного права</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Moscow Journal of International Law</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0869-0049</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2619-0893</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Moscow State Institute of International Relations</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24833/0869-0049-2025-3-59-74</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mgimolaw-2889</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МЕЖДУНАРОДНОЕ МОРСКОЕ ПРАВО</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>LAW OF THE SEA</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Переговоры между Канадой и Соединенными Штатами Америки о границе в море Бофорта: актуальные международно-правовые вопросы</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Canada – United States of America Beaufort Sea Boundary Negotiations: Current Issues and Prospects</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3416-0884</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Буник</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bunik</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Иван Владимирович БУНИК, кандидат юридических наук, старший научный сотрудник</p><p>Вернадского пр-т, 76, Москва, 119454</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ivan V. BUNIK, Candidate of Legal Sciences, Senior Research Associate</p><p>76, Vernadskogo Ave., Moscow, 119454</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">i.bunik@tbplaw.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский государственный институт международных отношений (университет) Министерства иностранных дел России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Moscow State Institute of International Relations (University) of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>09</day><month>10</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>59</fpage><lpage>74</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Буник И.В., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Буник И.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Bunik I.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.mjil.ru/jour/article/view/2889">https://www.mjil.ru/jour/article/view/2889</self-uri><abstract><p>ВВЕДЕНИЕ. В условиях освобождения полярных районов ото льда и пополнения научных данных об углеводородном потенциале арктического континентального шельфа актуальным является вопрос о справедливом разграничении юрисдикций между Соединенными Штатами Америки и Канадой в море Бофорта. 24 сентября 2024 г. правительства США и Канады опубликовали текст совместного заявления, которым анонсировали очередные переговоры по этому вопросу (в том числе в отношении разграничения континентального шельфа). Тем не менее, неучастие США в Конвенции Организации Объединенных Наций по морскому праву 1982 г. и отсутствие рекомендаций Комиссии по границам континентального шельфа по представлению Канады ставят вопрос о возможности окончательного соглашения по разграничению моря Бофорта и, главное, о его легитимности с точки зрения международного права. В настоящей статье автор формулирует собственное видение по данному вопросу.МАТЕРИАЛЫ И МЕТОДЫ. Теоретическую основу исследования составили научные юридические работы, изданные в течение последних пяти лет в России и за рубежом, нормативноправовая база представлена делимитационными договорами между прибрежными арктическими государствами, а также решениями Международного суда ООН и международных арбитражей по проблемам делимитации. Автор использовал общенаучные методы исследования (анализ, синтез, индукция, дедукция, сравнение, классификация, систематизация, прогнозирование) и частнонаучные методы (формально-юридический, сравнительно-правовой, метод юридической герменевтики).РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ. Автором сделан вывод, что создание целевой группы по делимитации в море Бофорта происходит в условиях климатических изменений, повысивших экономическую значимость региона и актуализировавших необходимость правовой определенности. Одновременно ряд прежних препятствий к переговорам в настоящее время утратил актуальность. Современный геополитический контекст дополнительно стимулирует заинтересованность сторон в мирном урегулировании спора. Отмечается, что делимитация континентального шельфа между Канадой и США за пределами 200 морских миль допустима, хотя США и не имеют статуса участника Конвенции ООН по морскому праву 1982 г., а также принимая во внимание односторонний характер действий этого государства по публикации границ «расширенного континентального шельфа». Наряду с этим в будущем ключевым станет вопрос учета рекомендаций Комиссии по границам континентального шельфа для Канады.ОБСУЖДЕНИЕ И ВЫВОДЫ. Автор отмечает, что современные условия, в отличие от ситуации 1970-х годов, способствуют достижению компромисса между США и Канадой. Вместе с этим остается открытым ряд правовых вопросов, особенно в части разграничения континентального шельфа за пределами 200 морских миль. При этом отсутствие у Канады рекомендации Комиссии по границам континентального шельфа может отсрочить достижение итогового соглашения либо на текущем этапе привести к разработке временных решений. В целом, несмотря на благоприятный политический контекст, автор полагает, что преждевременно говорить о возможности быстрого завершения переговоров.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>INTRODUCTION. With the polar regions becoming ice-free and scientific data on the hydrocarbon potential of the Arctic continental shelf increasing, the issue of a fair delimitation between the United States of America (U.S.) and Canada in the Beaufort Sea is becoming more acute. On September 24, 2024, both governments announced new delimitation negotiations (including the continental shelf). However, the U.S. is not party to the 1982 United Nations (UN) Convention on the Law of the Sea. Furthermore, there are still no recommendations from the Commission on the Limits of the Continental Shelf regarding Canada’s submission about the outer limits of its shelf. Therefore, a question arises about the viability and legitimacy of a final agreement on the delimitation of the Beaufort Sea from an international law perspective. In this article, the author shares his perspective on this issue.MATERIALS AND METHODS. This study is based on scientific developments by Russian and foreign international lawyers, particularly over the past five years. The legal framework includes delimitation treaties between Arctic coastal states and decisions of International Court of Justice and international arbitral tribunals on delimitation issues. The methodology used includes general scientific methods (analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction, comparison, classification, systematization, and forecasting) as well as specific scientific methods (including formal legal analysis, comparative legal methods, and legal hermeneutics).RESEARCH RESULTS. The author concludes that the creation of the joint task force to undertake negotiations on the maritime boundary in the Beaufort Sea is occurring in the context of climate change, which has heightened the region's economic importance and made the need for legal certainty more pressing. At the same time, several previous obstacles to negotiations have now become irrelevant. The current geopolitical context additionally stimulates the parties' interest in a peaceful settlement of the dispute. The paper argues that nothing in principle prevents the two states from undertaking continental-shelf delimitation beyond 200 nautical miles. Looking ahead, a central question will be how any bilateral settlement incorporates the Commission on the Limits of the Continental Shelf’s recommendations for Canada.DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS. The current environment, in contrast to previous negotiations, appears favorable to a mutually acceptable outcome. Nevertheless, several legal uncertainties persist—chief among them the method for delimiting areas beyond 200 nautical miles. At the same time, the absence of a recommendation from the CLCS to Canada may delay reaching a final agreement or lead to the development of temporary solutions. In general, despite the favorable political context, the author believes it is premature to discuss the possibility of a quick conclusion to the negotiations.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>арктическое право</kwd><kwd>морское право</kwd><kwd>разграничение морских пространств</kwd><kwd>разграничение континентального шельфа</kwd><kwd>море Бофорта</kwd><kwd>особые обстоятельства в международном праве</kwd><kwd>принцип равного отстояния</kwd><kwd>коренные малочисленные народы</kwd><kwd>принцип эстоппель</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Arctic Law</kwd><kwd>Law of the Sea</kwd><kwd>maritime delimitation</kwd><kwd>Beaufort Sea</kwd><kwd>special circumstances in international law</kwd><kwd>equidistance principle</kwd><kwd>indigenous peoples</kwd><kwd>estoppel principle</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Буник И.В. 2018. 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