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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mgimolaw</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Московский журнал международного права</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Moscow Journal of International Law</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0869-0049</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2619-0893</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Moscow State Institute of International Relations</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24833/0869-0049-2025-2-133-147</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mgimolaw-2875</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МЕЖДУНАРОДНОЕ И НАЦИОНАЛЬНОЕ ПРАВО</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>INTERNATIONAL AND NATIONAL LAW</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>25-я поправка и преемственность президентской власти: конституционный анализ в свете недавних дебатов</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The 25th Amendment and Presidential Succession: A Constitutional Analysis in Light of Recent Debates</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6452-8379</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бадави</surname><given-names>Х.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Badawi</surname><given-names>H.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Хабиб Бадави,  доктор философии, профессор факультета литературы и гуманитарных наук</p><p>ул., Таль Заатар, Декванех, Бейрут, Ливан, 107  </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Habib Badawi, Doctor of Philosophy, Professor at the Faculty of Letters and Human Sciences</p><p>Georges Matta St., Tal Zaatar, Dekwaneh, Beirut, 1107</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">habib.badawi@ul.edu.lb</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Ливанский университет Жоржа Матта</institution><country>Ливан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Lebanese University</institution><country>Lebanon</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>21</day><month>07</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>133</fpage><lpage>147</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Бадави Х., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Бадави Х.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Badawi H.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.mjil.ru/jour/article/view/2875">https://www.mjil.ru/jour/article/view/2875</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>ВВЕДЕНИЕ</title><p>ВВЕДЕНИЕ. Исследование предлагает всесторонний анализ 25-й поправки к Конституции Соединенных Штатов Америки (США), уделяя особое внимание ее историческому контексту, текущей политической значимости и потенциальным последствиям для американской системы управления. Исследование изучает положения поправки о преемственности и недееспособности президента на фоне современных политических дебатов.</p></sec><sec><title>МАТЕРИАЛЫ И МЕТОДЫ</title><p>МАТЕРИАЛЫ И МЕТОДЫ. В исследовании используется междисциплинарная методология, объединяющая исторический анализ случаев недееспособности президента, обзор литературы по конституционному праву и государственному управлению, а также оценку этических последствий с применением демократической теории и на основе изучения текущего политического дискурса вокруг поправки.</p></sec><sec><title>РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</title><p>РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ. Исследование раскрывает сложное взаимодействие между четырьмя разделами поправки и их практическим применением, подчеркивая беспрецедентный характер потенциального применения Раздела 4. Анализ демонстрирует значительные юридические издержки, связанные с его реализацией, включая институциональную напряженность между ветвями власти, проблемы демократической легитимности и создание потенциально опасных прецедентов для отношений между исполнительной и законодательной властью.</p></sec><sec><title>ОБСУЖДЕНИЕ И ВЫВОДЫ</title><p>ОБСУЖДЕНИЕ И ВЫВОДЫ. Результаты исследования подтверждают, что 25-я поправка представляет собой как механизм конституционной защиты, так и сложную проблему управления, в связи с этим ее возможное применение требует деликатного ориентирования в правовых нормах, современных политических реалиях, соблюдения принципов этики. Потенциальное применение Раздела 4 может иметь значимые последствия для принципа разделения властей, демократических норм и толкования Конституции, выходя далеко за рамки политических соображений. Проведенный анализ проливает свет на двойственную природу поправки – одновременно как решения и вызова для конституционной системы США. </p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>INTRODUCTION</title><p>INTRODUCTION. This comprehensive analysis examines the 25th Amendment of the United States Constitution, focusing on its historical context, current political relevance, and potential implications for American governance. The study explores the amendment's provisions for presidential succession and incapacity against the backdrop of contemporary political debates.</p></sec><sec><title>MATERIAL AND METHODS</title><p>MATERIAL AND METHODS. The research employs a multidisciplinary methodology combining historical analysis of presidential incapacity cases, a comprehensive literature review of constitutional law and governance studies, evaluation of ethical implications through democratic theory, and examination of current political discourse surrounding the amendment.</p></sec><sec><title>RESEARCH RESULTS</title><p>RESEARCH RESULTS. The study reveals the complex interplay between the amendment's four sections and their practical applications, highlighting the unprecedented nature of Section 4's potential invocation. Analysis demonstrates significant legal costs associated with its implementation, including institutional strain between branches of government, challenges to democratic legitimacy, and the establishment of potentially problematic precedents for future executive-legislative relations.</p><p>DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS. The findings underscore that the 25th Amendment represents both a constitutional safeguard and a complex governance challenge, requiring delicate navigation of legal frameworks, political realities, and ethical considerations. The potential invocation of Section 4 carries profound implications for separation of powers, democratic norms, and constitutional interpretation that extend well beyond immediate political considerations. This analysis illuminates the amendment's dual nature as both solution and challenge to the American constitutional system.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>конституционное право</kwd><kwd>недееспособность исполнительной власти</kwd><kwd>стабильность управления</kwd><kwd>недееспособность президента</kwd><kwd>преемственность президента</kwd><kwd>политические институты</kwd><kwd>общественное доверие</kwd><kwd>Конституция США</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Constitutional Law</kwd><kwd>Executive Incapacity</kwd><kwd>Governance Stability</kwd><kwd>Presidential Disability</kwd><kwd>Presidential Succession</kwd><kwd>Political Institutions</kwd><kwd>Public Trust</kwd><kwd>United States Constitution</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Abrams H.L. ‘The President Has Been Shot’: Confusion, Disability, and the 25th Amendment. 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