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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mgimolaw</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Московский журнал международного права</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Moscow Journal of International Law</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0869-0049</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2619-0893</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Moscow State Institute of International Relations</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24833/0869-0049-2023-1-47-75</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mgimolaw-2728</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МЕЖДУНАРОДНОЕ ПРАВО И ОКРУЖАЮЩАЯ  СРЕДА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>INTERNATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL LAW</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Роль договорных органов в контроле за выполнением международных экологических обязательств</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The Role of Treaty Bodies in Monitoring Compliance with International Environmental Obligations</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5745-5722</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Отрашевская</surname><given-names>А. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Otrashevskaya</surname><given-names>A. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Анастасия Михайловна Отрашевская, аспирант кафедры международного права</p><p>117198, Москва, ул Миклухо-Маклая, д. 6</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anastasia M. Otrashevskaya, Postgraduate student at the Department of International Law</p><p>6, ul. Miklukho-Maklaya, Moscow, 117198</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">a.otrashevskaya@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9804-8912</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Солнцев</surname><given-names>А. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Solntsev</surname><given-names>A. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Александр Михайлович Солнцев, кандидат юридических наук, доцент, заместитель заведующего кафедрой международного права</p><p>117198, Москва, ул. Миклухо-Маклая, д. 6</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexander M. Solntsev, Cand. Sci. (Law), Associate Professor, Deputy Head of the Department of International Law</p><p>6, ul. Miklukho-Maklaya, Moscow, 117198</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">solntsev_am@rudn.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0545-8294</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Юсифова</surname><given-names>П. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yusifova</surname><given-names>P. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Парзад Низами кызы Юсифова, аспирант кафедры международного права</p><p>117198, Москва,ул. Миклухо-Маклая,  д. 6</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Parzad N. Yusifova, Postgraduate student at the Department of International Law</p><p>6, ul. Miklukho-Maklaya, Moscow, 117198</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">pari.yusifova.97@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российский университет дружбы народов (РУДН)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>29</day><month>04</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>47</fpage><lpage>75</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Отрашевская А.М., Солнцев А.М., Юсифова П.Н., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Отрашевская А.М., Солнцев А.М., Юсифова П.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Otrashevskaya A.M., Solntsev A.M., Yusifova P.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.mjil.ru/jour/article/view/2728">https://www.mjil.ru/jour/article/view/2728</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>ВВЕДЕНИЕ</title><p>ВВЕДЕНИЕ. На сегодняшний день создано и действует большое количество международных договоров, регулирующих различные сферы международных отношений. Как показывает практика, в последние годы акцент смещается от необходимости регулирования все большего количества отношений к важности повышения эффективности уже действующих международных договоров и созданных в соответствии с ними механизмов. В настоящей статье анализируется, как протекает этот процесс в международном экологическом праве. Показано, что в рамках целого ряда глобальных и региональных экологических соглашений в качестве международных контрольных механизмов созданы квазисудебные процедуры (т.н. процедуры несоблюдения) в виде комитетов по осуществлению и соблюдению. Процедуры несоблюдения сегодня стали ключевым элементом общих усилий по обеспечению эффективной реализации и имплементации международных экологических соглашений. Целью таких механизмов является выявление и решение как локальных, так и системных теоретических и практических проблем соблюдения государствами своих обязательств, вытекающих из положений международных договоров. При этом в рамках процедуры несоблюдения в зависимости от конкретного международного экологического соглашения могут быть приняты различные меры: от оказания финансовой или технической помощи не соблюдающей стороне до наложения запрета на торговлю (Комитет СИТЕС) или ограничения процессуальных прав (Орхусский комитет).</p></sec><sec><title>МАТЕРИАЛЫ И МЕТОДЫ</title><p>МАТЕРИАЛЫ И МЕТОДЫ. Настоящее исследование основано на анализе большого объема материалов, включая международно-правовые акты, акты рекомендательного характера, а также на современных доктринальных исследованиях российских и зарубежных авторов. Методологическую основу исследования составили общенаучные (метод логического и системного анализа, диалектический метод, методы дедукции и индукции) и частнонаучные (историко-правовой, сравнительно-правовой, формально-юридический методы, метод правового моделирования и прогнозирования) методы познания.</p></sec><sec><title>РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</title><p>РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ. В ходе проведенного исследования проанализированы различные международные акты обязательного и рекомендательного характера, обобщены изложенные в научной литературе доктринальные позиции, выдвинутые отечественными и зарубежными правоведами, выявлены основные проблемы деятельности комитетов по соблюдению международных экологических соглашений.</p></sec><sec><title>ОБСУЖДЕНИЕ И ВЫВОДЫ</title><p>ОБСУЖДЕНИЕ И ВЫВОДЫ. В рамках настоящей статьи сделана попытка дать ответы на следующие вопросы. Есть ли необходимость фиксировать в тексте международных экологических соглашений положения, учреждающие комитет по соблюдению, или же это можно сделать позднее на ежегодных совещаниях конференций сторон? Каким должен быть состав и мандат комитета по соблюдению; насколько эффективно осуществляется функционирование данных комитетов? По итогам проведенного исследования был сделан вывод о необходимости детального отслеживания изменений, происходящих в различных международных экологических соглашениях, с целью повышения эффективности осуществления комитетами по соблюдению своих полномочий и выявлению случаев нарушения мандатов этих комитетов.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>INTRODUCTION</title><p>INTRODUCTION. A large number of international treaties regulating various spheres of international relations have already entered into force. As current practice shows, the emphasis has shifted from the need to regulate an increasing number of relationships to the importance of improving the efficiency of existing international treaties. The article analyzes the implementation of this process in international environmental law. The authors show that a number of global and regional environmental agreements have established quasi-judicial procedures (so-called "non-compliance procedures") in the form of implementation and compliance committees serving as international control mechanisms. The purpose of such mechanisms is to identify and resolve both local and systemic theoretical and practical issues of non-compliance arising from the provisions of international treaties.</p></sec><sec><title>MATERIALS AND METHODS</title><p>MATERIALS AND METHODS. The article is based on a large amount of material, including international binding legal acts, acts of advisory nature, and modern doctrinal research of Russian and foreign authors. The methodological basis of the research consists of general scientific (methods of logical and system analysis, dialectical method, methods of deduction and induction) and private scientific (historical and legal, comparative legal, formal-legal methods, the method of legal modeling and forecasting) methods of cognition.</p></sec><sec><title>RESEARCH RESULTS</title><p>RESEARCH RESULTS. In their research, the authors analyzed various international binding and non-binding instruments, summarized doctrinal positions made by Russian and Western legal scholars, presented in domestic and foreign scientific literature, and identified the main issues of compliance committees of international environmental agreements.</p><p>DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS. The authors have tried to give answers to the following questions: is it necessary to fix in the text of international environmental agreements the provisions establishing the compliance committee, or can this be done later: at the annual meetings of the conferences of the parties; what should be the composition and mandate of the compliance committee; and how efficiently do these committees function? As a result of the conducted research, the authors have drawn conclusions about the need fo detailed monitoring of changes in the various international environmental agreements in order to improve the effectiveness of compliance committees in exercising their mandates and to identify violations of the mandates of these committees.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>международное экологическое право</kwd><kwd>процедуры несоблюдения</kwd><kwd>квазисудебные органы</kwd><kwd>международные экологические соглашения</kwd><kwd>СИТЕС</kwd><kwd>Орхусская конвенция</kwd><kwd>Парижское соглашение</kwd><kwd>Нагойский протокол</kwd><kwd>Минаматское соглашение</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>international environmental law</kwd><kwd>non-compliance procedure</kwd><kwd>quasi-judicial procedures</kwd><kwd>international environmental agreements</kwd><kwd>CITES</kwd><kwd>Aarhus Convention</kwd><kwd>Paris Convention</kwd><kwd>Nagoya Protocol</kwd><kwd>Minamata Convention</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Настоящая статья подготовлена при поддержке гранта Российского научного фонда (проект 23-28-01280).</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The article is written with the support of the Russian Science Foundation, Project No 23-28-01280.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Абатурова В.А., Бадретдинов Р.М., Солнцев А.М. 2021. 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