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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mgimolaw</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Московский журнал международного права</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Moscow Journal of International Law</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0869-0049</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2619-0893</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Moscow State Institute of International Relations</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24833/0869-0049-2017-3-6-17</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mgimolaw-210</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ВОПРОСЫ ТЕОРИИ МЕЖДУНАРОДНОГО ПРАВА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ISSUES OF THEORY OF INTERNATIONAL LAW</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ПРИМЕНЕНИЕ  И  ТОЛКОВАНИЕ  СОГЛАШЕНИЯ  ОБ  УСИЛЕНИИ  МЕЖДУНАРОДНОГО  НАУЧНОГО  СОТРУДНИЧЕСТВА  В  АРКТИКЕ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>APPLICATION  AND  INTERPRETATION   OF  THE  AGREEMENT  ON  ENHANCING   INTERNATIONAL  ARCTIC  SCIENTIFIC   COOPERATION</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0802-9388</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>БЕРКМАН</surname><given-names>П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>BERKMAN</surname><given-names>P. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Пол Беркман, профессор в области практики научной дипломатии.</p><p> </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Paul A. Berkman, Professor of Practice of Science Diplomacy. </p><p>160 Packard Avenue, Medford, MA 02155.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">paul.berkman@tufts.edu</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4833-2525</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>ВЫЛЕГЖАНИН</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>VYLEGZHANIN</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Александр Николаевич Вылегжанин, доктор юридических наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой международного права.</p><p>Проспект Вернадского, 76, Москва, 119454.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexander N. Vylegzhanin, Doctor of Juridical Sciences, Professor, Head of the Department of International Law.</p><p>76, pr. Vernadskogo, Moscow,  119454.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">danilalvy@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2463-6735</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>ЯНГ</surname><given-names>О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>YOUNG</surname><given-names>O. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Оран Янг, заслуженный профессор в области экологической политики и управления.</p><p>Santa Barbara, CA 93106.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Oran R. Young, Professor Emeritus of Environmental Policy and Governance.</p><p>Santa Barbara, CA 93106.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">oran.young@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy, Tufts University.</institution><country>Соединённые Штаты Америки</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy, Tufts University.</institution><country>United States</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский государственный институт международных отношений (Университет) МИД России.</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Moscow State Institute of International Relations (University) MFA Russia.</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Bren School of Environmental Science and Management, University of California.</institution><country>Соединённые Штаты Америки</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Bren School of Environmental Science and Management, University of California.</institution><country>United States</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2017</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>24</day><month>01</month><year>2018</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>6</fpage><lpage>17</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; БЕРКМАН П.A., ВЫЛЕГЖАНИН А.Н., ЯНГ О.R., 2018</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2018</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">БЕРКМАН П., ВЫЛЕГЖАНИН А.Н., ЯНГ О.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">BERKMAN P.A., VYLEGZHANIN A.N., YOUNG O.R.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.mjil.ru/jour/article/view/210">https://www.mjil.ru/jour/article/view/210</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>ВВЕДЕНИЕ</title><p>ВВЕДЕНИЕ. Соглашение об усилении международного научного сотрудничества в Арктике, 2017 г., недавно стало частью международного права, применимого к данному региону, и в настоящей статье это рассматривается в историко-правовом контексте. Особое внимание уделено району применения Соглашения 2017 г. и толкованию тех его положений, которые предусматривают новые права и обязательства государств – участников Соглашения в контексте широкой международно-правовой основы, которая уже применяется к Северному Ледовитому океану.</p></sec><sec><title>МАТЕРИАЛЫ И МЕТОДЫ</title><p>МАТЕРИАЛЫ И МЕТОДЫ. Исследовался прежде всего текст Соглашения 2017 г. в контексте других норм международного права, как обычных, так и договорных, применимых к Северному Ледовитому океану. Общие и специальные научные методы современного познания составили применимую методологическую основу исследования.</p></sec><sec><title>РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</title><p>РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ. Соглашение 2017 г. стало важным элементом широкой международно-правовой базы, применимой к Северному Ледовитому океану. Эта широкая международно-правовая основа заложена системой международно-правовых норм, регулирующих отношения между субъектами международного права, в первую очередь между арктическими государствами, а также между ними и неарктическими государствами, особенно в таких сферах деятельности государств, как защита морской среды, в том числе в покрытых льдом районах; свобода судоходства в открытом море; морские научные исследования; другие виды использования моря. В этой широкой международно-правовой базе Соглашение 2017 г. занимает особое место как lex posterior. Это важно в контексте сферы действия данного Соглашения и трудностей его корректного толкования.</p></sec><sec><title>ОБСУЖДЕНИЕ И ВЫВОДЫ</title><p>ОБСУЖДЕНИЕ И ВЫВОДЫ. Научное сотрудничество в соответствии с Соглашением 2017 г. может способствовать улучшению мер регулирования в ряде жизненно важных областей, с тем чтобы судоходство в арктических водах (по мере того, как они освобождаются от льдов в течение большей части года) было более безопасным; чтобы содействовать выпуску современных навигационных карт для Арктики; чтобы продвигать планы создания современной портовой инфраструктуры на Севере и устанавливать новые схемы разделения движения (например, в Баренцевом море и в Беринговом проливе); чтобы принимать дополнительные правовые меры защиты и сохранения морской среды в Арктике.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>INTRODUCTION</title><p>INTRODUCTION. The Agreement on Enhancing International Arctic Scientific Cooperation, 2017, has recently become part of the International Law applicable to the Arctic Region and the relevant legal history is considered in this paper. Special attention is paid to the scope of application of the 2017 Agreement and the interpretation of provisions which provide new rights and obligations of its Parties in the context of an extensive international legal framework which already applies to the Arctic Ocean.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and Methods</title><p>Materials and Methods. The materials for research include first and foremost the text of the 2017 Arctic Agreement, in the context of other rules of International Law, both treaty and customary, which are applicable to the Arctic Ocean. General and special scientific methods of contemporary cognition composed the relevant methodological basis for the research.</p></sec><sec><title>RESEARCH RESULTS</title><p>RESEARCH RESULTS. The 2017 Arctic Agreement has become an important element of the extensive international legal framework which applies to the Arctic Ocean. This broad international legal framework is contained in a system of International Law instruments regulating relations between subjects of International Law: first of all, between Arctic States, and then between them and non-Arctic States; especially in such branches of States’ activity as the protection of the marine environment, including ice-covered areas, freedom of navigation, marine scientific research, and other uses of the sea. Within this extensive legal framework the 2017 Agreement has a special position as lex posterior. This is important in the context of the scope of the Agreement (the designated territories of the Parties) and also taking into account the complexity of its correct interpretation.</p><p>DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION. Science cooperation according to the 2017 Arctic Agreement may contribute to improving regulatory measures in a number of vital areas: to promote best available technologies in the Arctic region; to make more safe navigation in the Arctic waters (while they are becoming free from ice during most of the year); to assist in formulating modern maps for Arctic navigation; to advance plans for creating modern port infrastructure in the North ; science cooperation might give impetus to designating new sea lanes and traffic separation schemes (in the Barents Sea and in the Bering Strait, for example) and to promote additional legal measures to protect and preserve the marine environment in the Arctic.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Соглашение об усилении международного научного сотрудничества в Арктике</kwd><kwd>широкая международно-правовая база</kwd><kwd>Арктический совет</kwd><kwd>международное научное сотрудничество</kwd><kwd>Арктические государства</kwd><kwd>неарктические государства</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>The Agreement on Enhancing International Arctic Scientific Cooperation</kwd><kwd>the  extensive international legal framework</kwd><kwd>the Arctic Council</kwd><kwd>international science collaboration</kwd><kwd>Arctic States</kwd><kwd>non-Arctic States</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Berkman P.A. 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