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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mgimolaw</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Московский журнал международного права</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Moscow Journal of International Law</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0869-0049</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2619-0893</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Moscow State Institute of International Relations</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24833/0869-0049-2021-2-87-98</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mgimolaw-1227</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПРАВА ЧЕЛОВЕКА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>HUMAN RIGHTS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Значение Основных принципов и руководящих положений ООН о праве на защиту и возмещение ущерба 2005 г.</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The Significance of the 2005 UN Basic Principles and  Guidelines on the Right to a Remedy and Reparation</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5024-296X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кебурия</surname><given-names>К. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Keburiya</surname><given-names>K. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кристина Отаровна Кебурия, кандидат юридических наук, доцент кафедры международного и интеграционного права</p><p>Проспект Вернадского, д. 84-6, Москва, 119571</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kristina O. Keburiya, Cand. Sci. (Law), Associate Professor at the Department of International and Integration Law</p><p>84-6, pr. Vernadskogo, Moscow,  119571</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ch.keburia@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9804-8912</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Солнцев</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Solntsev</surname><given-names>A. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Александр Михайлович Солнцев, кандидат юридических наук, доцент, заместитель заведующего кафедрой международного права, Юридический институт</p><p>Миклухо-Маклая ул.,д. 6, Москва, 117198</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexander M. Solntsev, Cand. Sci. (Law), Associate Professor, Deputy Head of the Department of International Law, Law Institute</p><p>6, ul. Miklukho-Maklaya, Moscow, 117198 s</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">solntsev_am@rudn.university</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российская академия народного хозяйства и государственной службы при Президенте РФ (РАНХиГС)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российский университет дружбы народов (РУДН)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>09</day><month>07</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>78</fpage><lpage>98</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Кебурия К.О., Солнцев М.А., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Кебурия К.О., Солнцев М.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Keburiya K.O., Solntsev A.M.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.mjil.ru/jour/article/view/1227">https://www.mjil.ru/jour/article/view/1227</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>ВВЕДЕНИЕ</title><p>ВВЕДЕНИЕ. Настоящая статья посвящена анализу международно-правового документа под названием «Основные принципы и руководящие положения, касающиеся права на правовую защиту и возмещение ущерба для жертв грубых нарушений международных норм в области прав человека и серьезных нарушений международного гуманитарного права», принятого Генеральной Ассамблеей ООН 16 декабря 2005 г. (далее - Основные принципы и руководящие положения). Авторы исследуют этапы принятия указанного документа, его концепцию, структуру, основные положения, а также значение для развития современного международного права, в частности в области международной защиты прав человека и международного гуманитарного права. В целях реализации поставленной задачи проводится детальный анализ подхода к центральной теме документа - праву на правовую защиту и возмещение ущерба, что выражается в практическом применении универсальными и региональными органами по правам человека и в области международного гуманитарного права. В этой связи определяется положение права на правовую защиту и возмещение ущерба в каталоге прав человека, равно как и их взаимосвязанность и позиция по отношению друг к другу.</p></sec><sec><title> МАТЕРИАЛЫ И МЕТОДЫ</title><p> МАТЕРИАЛЫ И МЕТОДЫ. При написании настоящей статьи были проанализированы теоретические материалы исследований российских и зарубежных специалистов в области международного права; изучены нормативные документы, рекомендации и решения договорных органов по правам человека в системе ООН, а также правоприменительная практика универсальных и региональных судебных и квазисудебных органов по защите прав человека и в области международного гуманитарного права. При проведении исследования были применены такие методы научного познания, как анализ и синтез, метод обобщения, системно-структурный метод, а также историко-правовой и юридико-технический методы.</p></sec><sec><title>РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</title><p>РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ. В статье раскрывается значимость и влияние механизма, выработанного в тексте Основных принципов и руководящих положений в целом на международную правозащитную систему. Основные принципы и руководящие положения представляют собой международный документ, разработанный с учетом наилучшей практики существующих правовых систем, принятый единогласно, на основе достигнутого консенсуса всеми заинтересованными сторонами. Основные принципы и руководящие положения направлены на кодификацию разбросанных по различным международным договорам положений о праве на правовую защиту и возмещение ущерба, выработку единого подхода к указанным правам. Таким образом, рассматриваемый международный документ не создает каких-либо новых норм, но упорядочивает и придает единообразие своду положений о праве на правовую защиту и возмещение ущерба. Подобный характер Основных принципов и руководящих положений делает их привлекательным инструментом для международных органов в их правоприменительной практике, связанной с обеспечением права на правовую защиту и возмещение ущерба.</p></sec><sec><title>ОБСУЖДЕНИЕ И ВЫВОДЫ</title><p>ОБСУЖДЕНИЕ И ВЫВОДЫ. Основные принципы и руководящие положения закрепляют ответственность государств в области защиты прав человека, при этом второй стороной конфликта называют физические лица, то есть, правам которых был или может быть причинен ущерб. Таким образом, Основные принципы и руководящие положения ориентированы на интересы жертвы нарушения прав человека, то есть заведомо носят гуманистический и правозащитный характер. В тексте документа дается классификация жертв, с целью более адекватного охвата правозащитных механизмов, обеспечивающих защиту лиц в индивидуальном или коллективном порядке. Особое внимание в документе придается защите жертв грубых и массовых нарушений прав человека. Кроме того, Основные принципы и руководящие положения перечисляют и раскрывают имеющиеся формы возмещения ущерба для жертв нарушений прав человека.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>INTRODUCTION</title><p>INTRODUCTION. The research analyzes the UN Basic Principles and Guidelines on the Right to a Remedy and Reparation for Victims of Gross Violations of International Human Rights Law and Serious Violations of International Humanitarian Law (Basic Principles and Guidelines) of December 16, 2005. The Article examines the stages of the adoption of this document, the concept, structure, basic provisions, as well as the importance for the development of modern international law, particularly in the field of human rights protection and international humanitarian law. Consequently, the Article provides a detailed analysis of the approach to the central subject of this document, that is, the right to a remedy and reparation, which is expressed in practical application by universal and regional bodies on human rights and in the field of humanitarian law. In this regard, the position of the right to a remedy and reparation in the complex of human rights is determined, as well as their interconnection and relation to each other.</p></sec><sec><title>MATERIALS AND METHODS</title><p>MATERIALS AND METHODS. The theoretical researches of the Russian and foreign experts in the field of international law have been analyzed in this very Article as well as the normative documents, recommendations, and decisions of the treaty bodies on human rights within the UN system, the law enforcement practice of universal and regional judicial and quasi-judicial bodies for the protection of human rights and in the field of international humanitarian law have also been studied. Such methods of scientific cognition as analysis and synthesis, the generalization method, the system-structural method, as well as the historical-legal and legal-technical methods have also been applied in this research.</p></sec><sec><title>RESEARCH RESULTS</title><p>RESEARCH RESULTS. The Article reveals the significance and impact of the mechanism developed in the Basic Principles and Guidelines, in general, on the international human rights system. The Basic Principles and Guidelines are an international document, developed with the best practice of existing legal systems. It was adopted unanimously through the consensus reached by all parties concerned. The Basic Principles and Guidelines are aimed at codifying the provisions on the right to a remedy and reparation enshrined in various international treaties and as well as at developing a unified approach to these rights. Thus, the said international instrument does not create any new rules but classifies and uniforms the set of provisions on the right to a remedy and reparation. This nature of the Basic Principles and Guidelines makes them an attractive tool for international bodies in their law enforcement practice related to ensuring the right to a remedy and reparation. DISCUSSION AND</p></sec><sec><title>CONCLUSSIONS</title><p>CONCLUSSIONS. The Basic Principles and Guidelines enshrine the responsibility of States in the field of human rights protection, when the second party to the conflict is individual, or individuals whose rights have been or may be violated. Therefore, the Basic Principles are focused on the interests of the victim of a violation of human rights, that is, they are deliberately humanistic and human rights oriented. The document provides a classification of victims to more adequately cover human rights mechanisms that ensure the protection of persons, individually or collectively. Further, it pays special attention to the protection of victims of gross violations of human rights. In addition, the Basic Principles and Guidelines list and describe forms of reparation for the victims of human rights violations.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>международное право</kwd><kwd>международное право прав человека</kwd><kwd>система защиты прав человека</kwd><kwd>международное гуманитарное право</kwd><kwd>Основные принципы и руководящие положения</kwd><kwd>право на правовую защиту</kwd><kwd>средства правовой защиты</kwd><kwd>возмещение ущерба</kwd><kwd>жертвы нарушения прав человека</kwd><kwd>реституция</kwd><kwd>компенсация</kwd><kwd>реабилитация</kwd><kwd>сатисфакция</kwd><kwd>гарантии неповторения случившегося</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>International Law</kwd><kwd>International Human Rights Law</kwd><kwd>Human Rights Protection System</kwd><kwd>International Humanitarian Law</kwd><kwd>Basic Principles and Guidelines</kwd><kwd>right to legal protection</kwd><kwd>remedies</kwd><kwd>victims of human rights violation</kwd><kwd>reparation</kwd><kwd>restitution</kwd><kwd>compensation</kwd><kwd>rehabilitation</kwd><kwd>satisfaction</kwd><kwd>guarantees of nonrepetition</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Abashidze A., Keburia K., Solntsev A. 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